Vodafone has implemented its market-leading Internet of Things (IoT) technology to help measure and mitigate the impact of rising water temperatures and changing rainfall patterns on Atlantic salmon in Scotland.
The project is part of the restoration of the River Nith, and its tributaries, to help ensure the preservation of Atlantic salmon. It will initially run for one year.
For centuries, the River Nith has been home to Atlantic salmon, one of Scotland’s iconic species. But in recent decades, the return of adult salmon to the river has been declining year-on-year. According to the Atlantic Salmon Trust, wild salmon numbers have declined 70% in the last 25 years, with water quality and rising water temperatures the two environmental factors known to impact salmon populations.
Salmon are cold water fish. As climate change causes temperatures to rise, it becomes harder for them to find the cold water they need to survive and thrive. Warmer water has less oxygen, which makes it harder for the fish to breathe. The increased need for oxygen forces salmon to use more energy and swim farther in search of food and cooler water.
In addition, each individual salmon returns to spawn in the river where it hatched, so if the temperatures go over 23 degrees Celsius, the Atlantic salmon cannot return to their spawning ground, which will disrupt their life cycle and threaten their very existence.
The Nith District Salmon Fishery Board has been monitoring Atlantic salmon stocks for over 30 years and one of the issues they have seen is the erosion of the immediate land zone at the side of the watercourse, meaning the channel goes very wide, increasing water temperatures.
Vodafone, in partnership with Extreme E, are working with the Nith District Salmon Fishery Board to find more sophisticated technical solutions using IoT technology to give more accurate water quality and temperature readings. From theses readings, the Nith District Salmon Fishery Board can understand which parts of the river catchment are most vulnerable and how they can then apply tree planting and other initiatives to try to resolve the issues.
Vodafone is providing water quality sensors and temperature sensing devices submerged in the river and on the riverbank, all connected over its IoT network. They can collect and analyse vast amounts of data quickly and efficiently, helping the fishery board accurately assess the quality of water and the temperature in the area.
Vodafone’s specialist sensors are designed to withstand harsh environments. They are placed in the water and attached to trees in the surrounding area. The data is constantly gathered and transmitted back to a user-friendly web portal accessible by the Nith District Salmon Fishery Board.
NB-IoT operates within a very narrow radio band frequency, so it can provide coverage over longer distances than traditional networks – even in remote areas. It also operates at low power so that batteries within IoT devices in the field, such as sensors, can last up to 10 years. This combination ensures that NB-IoT solutions are more sustainable and less expensive to install and run than current alternatives using 4G or fixed-line networks.
Gemma Barsby, UK Head of IoT, Vodafone,
At Vodafone, we are determined to reduce carbon emissions and our impact on the planet, but also enable our partners, suppliers, and the UK to do the same. Our partnership with Extreme E is based on these shared core values, and the river Nith legacy project is a perfect example of how technology can be used to monitor environmental conditions of fish populations and the impact of the measures taken over time. IoT technology can be used in remote and hard-to-reach places and we see lots of opportunities to use IoT to better support the environmental and sustainability agenda.
Ali Russell, Chief Marketing Officer, Extreme E,
Being in Scotland allows us to talk about issues relating to climate change that are right on our doorstep. For the Hydro X Prix, we are talking about how water plays a huge role in future renewables and heathy conservation. It was pertinent to us to find projects that impactfully tie in and we are delighted to be working with Vodafone delivering a project that could help to safeguard the future of the river and its inhabitants for generations to come.
